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Historical Characteristics of Extreme Precipitation and Related Population Exposure in Guangdong, China
ABSTRACT: The more frequent occurrence of extreme precipitation events (EPE) worldwide has drawn widespread attention, yet EPE in some regions still require a more comprehensive analysis. In this study, we examine spatiotemporal characteristics, periodic oscillations, and population exposure risks associated with EPE in Guangdong, China, from 1961 to 2022. Using highresolution precipitation and population datasets, we applied continuous wavelet transform, cross wavelet transform, and wavelet coherence to investigate seasonal variations in EPE. Results indicate that the spatial distribution of EPE intensity exhibits a north-south decreasing pattern in winter and spring, while a north-south increasing pattern is observed in summer and autumn. EPE (i.e., heavy precipitation days, R20) exhibits periodic oscillations of less than 8 years across all seasons, with a quasi-30-yr period also identified in global wavelet power spectra. Moreover, the cross wavelet transform and wavelet coherence reveal that the influence of large-scale climate indices on EPE is both season specific and index dependent. The most robust relationships are identified between EPE and the Pacific decadal oscillation in spring and summer, the Pacific North American pattern in autumn, and the North Atlantic Oscillation in winter. Population exposure to EPE mainly increased in spring and winter from 2000 to 2022. This pattern was primarily driven by the increasing frequency of EPE in winter and spring, coupled with a decrease or a northward shift of such events in summer. Our findings provide policymakers with critical insights for integrating climate adaptation strategies into urban planning and disaster risk reduction, particularly in Guangdongs densely populated, economically vital areas.
KEYWORDS: Extreme events; Precipitation; Climate change; Risk assessment
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